How to Buy a Used EV: Battery Health & What to Check

The used electric vehicle (EV) market is growing rapidly, offering budget-conscious buyers an opportunity to own an eco-friendly car at a lower cost. However, purchasing a used EV requires careful consideration, particularly regarding battery health—the most critical (and expensive) component.

This guide covers key steps to evaluate a used EV, ensuring you make a smart and informed purchase.

1. Check Battery Health & Degradation

The battery is the heart of an EV, and its condition significantly impacts performance and range. Here’s how to assess it:

a. Review Battery State of Health (SoH)

• Most EVs display battery health in the vehicle’s settings or via an onboard diagnostic tool.

• A healthy battery should retain at least 70-80% of its original capacity. Below 70%, replacement may be needed soon.

• Use an OBD-II scanner (like LeafSpy for Nissan Leafs or Tesla’s service mode) for deeper insights.

b. Check Charging Behavior

• Fast charging frequently can accelerate degradation. Ask the seller about charging habits.

• Test charging speeds—if the EV charges much slower than expected, the battery may have issues.

c. Look at Warranty Coverage

• Many EVs come with 8-year/100,000-mile battery warranties (varies by manufacturer).

• Verify remaining warranty coverage through the manufacturer’s VIN lookup tool.

2. Inspect the Vehicle’s History & Maintenance Records

• Obtain a Carfax or AutoCheck report to check for accidents, flood damage, or recalls.

• Review service records to confirm regular maintenance, including software updates.

3. Test Drive & Performance Check

• Range Test: Fully charge the battery and compare the estimated range to the original EPA rating.

• Acceleration & Handling: Ensure smooth power delivery without unusual noises.

• Regenerative Braking: Test if it functions correctly, as issues may indicate battery or motor problems.

4. Examine the Exterior & Interior

• Body & Paint: Look for rust or damage, especially in older models.

• Tires & Brakes: EVs are heavier, so check for uneven tire wear.

• Interior Electronics: Test infotainment, climate control, and charging ports.

5. Get a Pre-Purchase Inspection (PPI)

• A certified EV technician can run diagnostics and spot hidden issues.

• Some dealerships and independent shops specialize in EV inspections.

6. Compare Prices & Negotiate

• Research similar models on platforms like Kelley Blue Book (KBB), Edmunds, or Autotrader.

• Use any battery degradation or repair needs as leverage in negotiations.

Final Thoughts

Buying a used EV can be a great investment if you thoroughly inspect the battery and overall condition. Prioritize vehicles with good maintenance records, strong battery health, and remaining warranty coverage.

By following these steps, you’ll minimize risks and drive away with a reliable, cost-effective electric vehicle.